(৬ আগস্ট প্রকাশের পর)
Rule: 17
Would that/ Wish (অসম্ভব ইচ্ছা, আকাঙ্ক্ষা বোঝাতে)
a) I wish I were a queen.
b)Would that he were alive today.
Rule: 18
Or / otherwise (অথবা / অন্যথায়)
a) Come here or I will go to school.
b) Read attentively otherwise you will not get good marks.
Rule: 19
not only ----- but also
a) I drink not only coffee but also ice cream.
b) Rahil is not only a good student but also a good player.
Rule: 20
Had যদি if এর মতো অর্থ প্রকাশ করে তাহলে
a) Had he worked hard, he would have reached the peak of success.
b) Had I possessed a vast property, I would have established a school.
Rule: 21
If যুক্ত conditional সাধারণত তিন ধরনের। এ ধরনের
sentence গুলোকে নিচের structure অনুযায়ী complete করতে হয়।
1st conditional
If+ sub+ V (present indefinite) +obj+ (,) +sub + shall/will /can/may /must/should+ main V + obj
a) If you discover the rules, you must be punished.
b) If we get up early, we will / may / can keep fit.
2nd conditional
If + sub+V (past indefinite) + extension + (,)+sub + would /could /might + main V +extension
a) If the students were more attentive, they could/ might make brilliant result.
b) If Afrin listened to my advice, she could / might shine in life.
3rd conditional
If + sub +had + PP form of V + extension + ( ,) + sub + would / could / might + have PP form of V + extension
a) If she had studied seriously, she could have got GPA 5.
b) If I had started earlier, I could have reached in time.
Rule: 22
While (যখন-----তখন, কোনো কাজ চলাকালীন সময়ের মধ্যে)
a) While we are in our classroom, we cannot play games.
b) He disturbed me while I was reading.
c) While walking in my garden, I saw a very nice bird.
Rule: 23
(By + Gerund) যুক্ত sentence কে complete করার সময়
Sub + verb + rest of the sentence ব্যবহার করতে হয়।
a) By reading more we can learn more.
b) By physical exercise you can fit yourself.
Rule: 24
(Without + Gerund) যুক্ত sentence কে complete করার সময়
Sub + verb + negative+ rest of the sentence ব্যবহার করতে হয়।
a) Without reading more you can not pass.
b) Without working hard, you can not shine in life.
Rule: 25
‘Would you mind’ যুক্ত incomplete sentence কে complete করার সময় mind এর পরে verb এর পরে ing যোগ করতে হয়।
a) Would you mind taking tea?
b) Would you mind opening the account?
Rule: 26
‘Let Alone’ দিয়ে কোনো কিছু চিন্তা করা যায় না বোঝায়। এটা মূলত negative অর্থ প্রকাশ করে।
a) He can not swim a kilometre, let alone five kilometres.
Rule: 27
‘It is time’ (কোনো কাজ করার নির্দিষ্ট সময় বোঝায়)
It is time+ infinitive+ others
a) It is time to do the work.
b) It is time for us to go home.
Rule: 28
Who, which, that, whom, whose জাতীয় relative pronoun যুক্ত sentence কে complete করতে relative pronoun-এর সঙ্গে সংগতিপূর্ণ sentence বসাতে হবে।
a) I saw the man who was swimming in the pond.
b) The girl whom you met yesterday is my cousin.
Exercise
1. (a) Water is so vital of all natural resources
that ....
(b) It is water which....
(c) Our agriculture which....
(d) Though Bangladesh is blessed with rivers ....
(e) If the rainfall is timely....
Answer: (a) Water is so vital of all natural resources that we cannot do without it.
(b) It is water which is essential for our life.
(c) Our agriculture which is defendant on water does not get it properly.
(d) Though Bangladesh is blessed with rivers the farmers cannot use water properly.
(e) If the rainfall is timely our crops will grow well.
2. (a) It is high time....
(b) Scarcely had we finished our duty....
(c) She spoke as though....
(d) The students are studying hard lest....
(e) If he had utilized his time properly....
Answer: (a) It is high time we started for school.
(b) Scarcely had we finished our duty when the supervisor appeared.
(c) She spoke as though she had been a learned person.
(d) The students are studying hard lest they should fail in the exam.
(e) If he had utilized his time properly, he would have prospered in life.
আক্তার জাহান সুমি, সহকারী শিক্ষক, ইংরেজি বিভাগ
আইডিয়াল স্কুল অ্যান্ড কলেজ, মতিঝিল, ঢাকা/আবরার জাহিন
